In 2007, a patient with HIV became the first and only patient to have ever been cured of the infection. Doctors have tried and tried again to duplicate the successful treatment, but to no avail…until this week. That’s right, for just the second time since the HIV epidemic began, a patient in London appears to have been cured thanks to a bone-marrow transplant that was intended to treat cancer, not HIV. In both successful cases, bone-marrow transplants have unexpectedly led to the cure. Although bone-marrow transplantation is unlikely to be a realistic treatment option in the near future due to the risky nature of it, rearming the body with immune cells similarly modified to resist HIV might well succeed as a practical treatment.