Learning, memory, and brain repair rely on the ability of our neurons to change with experience, and a new study suggests that exercise enhances this essential plasticity of the adult brain. The cerebral cortex, where this process occurs, is known to decline as we age. However, the study finds that moderate levels of physical activity can improve brain health and boost efficiency. Not only are you getting fit from exercise, but so is your brain. The results of the study may pave the way to the development of non-invasive therapeutic strategies for enhancing brain plasticity in people, especially those with conditions such as amblyopia, also known as lazy eye.