Some scientific prizes reward people for their skills as mentors, or for the quality of their scientific discoveries. But the new Leamer-Rosenthal Prizes for Open Social Science, awarded today for the first time, honor a different kind of achievement: keeping science itself honest. Created by the Berkeley Initiative for Transparency in the Social Sciences (BITSS), the $10,000 prizes recognize social scientists who have contributed to the process of science, either by developing tools to allow others to carry out rigorous research, or by exemplifying such research themselves. They come at a time when many psychologists, economists, and other social scientists …